Epoetin beta is a synthetic version of Erythropoietin, a protein naturally occurring in the human body that is involved in the formation of the red blood cells. Epoetin beta has similar protein composition to that of endogenous Erythropoietin.
Erythropoietin injections are used in medicine to treat anemia (decreased ability of blood to deliver oxygen) caused by kidneys disease and cancer. EPO also used recreationally by athletes as a physical performance enhancer.